To whom did the Caliph of Baghdad grant the ‘Mansur’ (letter of approval/consecration)?
Iltutmish secured formal recognition from the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad — a manshur (grant/letter) that legitimized his rule. This investiture was an important symbol of Islamic political legitimacy, giving Iltutmish religious sanction and enhancing his prestige among contemporaries and rival nobles in the subcontinent. ANSWER: (B) Iltutmish
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Iltutmish consolidated his position by obtaining a manshur (an official letter of investiture) from the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad. The manshur served as formal recognition of his sovereignty and Islamic legitimacy, strengthening his political authority in India where dynastic claims often required external validation. By securing the Caliph’s sanction, Iltutmish not only placed his dynasty on firmer religious-political ground but also gained a powerful ideological instrument to suppress rivals and unite disparate nobles under his leadership. This diplomatic-religious endorsement greatly enhanced his standing in the Muslim world and within the Delhi Sultanate.