The study of butterflies is called [C] Lepidopterology. Lepidopterology is a specialized branch of entomology dedicated to the scientific examination of butterflies and moths. Lepidopterologists investigate various aspects of these insects, including their taxonomy, anatomy, physiology, behavior, ecology, and conservation. They study butterfly and moth species diversity, distribution patterns, life cycles, migration routes, and interactions with plants and other organisms. Through field observations, laboratory experiments, and museum collections, lepidopterologists contribute to our understanding of butterfly and moth biology and their roles in ecosystems.

They also play a crucial role in documenting and monitoring changes in butterfly populations, assessing threats such as habitat loss, climate change, and pesticide use, and developing conservation strategies to protect these delicate and often threatened insects. Lepidopterology serves as a vital tool for promoting biodiversity conservation and fostering appreciation for the beauty and importance of butterflies in the natural world.