The defining difference between the two systems was their approach to authority. The Mughal system was highly centralized, with power flowing strictly from the Emperor. In contrast, the Maratha system, particularly under the Peshwas, was inherently decentralized. Regional chiefs held hereditary land and military rights, creating a patchwork of autonomous states that functioned as a loose alliance rather than a single governed unit. ANSWER: (C) Degree of decentralization
The Maratha administrative system differed from the Mughal system mainly in its — (A) Military organization (B) Revenue assessment (C) Degree of decentralization (D) Use of Persian language
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While the Mughals utilized a standardized “Mansabdari” system to ensure that no official became too powerful in one region, the Marathas embraced a “Confederate” model. Maratha administration relied on the “Saranjam” system, which encouraged regional leaders to build their own administrative and military structures. This high degree of decentralization allowed for rapid grassroots expansion and local resilience. However, it lacked the uniform legal and fiscal coherence of the Mughal state, making the Maratha Empire more of a military superpower and less of a consolidated administrative entity.