The branch of biology related to the interaction between organisms and the environment is called ecology. Ecology studies how organisms interact with each other and with their physical environment, including factors such as climate, soil, water, and other organisms. This field examines the distribution and abundance of living things in different habitats and explores how these interactions influence the dynamics of populations, communities, and ecosystems.

Ecologists seek to understand the relationships between organisms and the environments they inhabit, including mutualistic, competitive, and predatory interactions. Ecology also explores the impact of human activities on ecosystems and biodiversity, aiming to find solutions to environmental challenges such as habitat loss, climate change, and pollution. By studying ecology, scientists gain insights into the complex web of life and how to manage natural resources sustainably.