Shining of oil layer on water is an example of

The shining of an oil layer on water is an example of interference (option B). When light strikes the thin film of oil on the water’s surface, some of it is reflected from the top surface of the oil film and some from the bottom surface where it meets the water. These two reflected waves can interfere with each other either constructively (where peaks align) or destructively (where peaks and troughs cancel each other out). The interference pattern depends on the thickness of the oil film and the wavelength of light, leading to certain wavelengths being enhanced or suppressed. This selective enhancement of colors causes the shimmering and iridescent appearance observed on the surface of oil spills or thin oil films on water. Unlike reflection (option A), scattering (option C), or refraction (option D), interference specifically describes the interaction of light waves that results in the shimmering effect seen on oil layers on water surfaces.