The table summarizes evolutionary milestones: transitioning from rough quartzite handaxes to sharp microliths and polished celts, open camps to mud-brick villages and nomadic foraging to fishing and systematic food cultivation.
Prepare a table with three columns – Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic – and fill in their distinctive features: tools, settlements, art and subsistence.
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(i) Tools:
Palaeolithic humans relied on crude handaxes, cleavers, and scrapers;
Mesolithic communities crafted tiny geometric microliths and bone points;
Neolithic societies manufactured polished stone celts and grinding stones.
(ii) Settlements:
Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers lived in natural rock shelters and open-air camps;
Mesolithic groups used temporary camps near lakes and rivers;
Neolithic farmers established permanent mud-brick villages.
(iii) Art:
Palaeolithic people used body pigments and basic shell engravings;
Mesolithic communities created vivid rock paintings depicting hunting scenes;
Neolithic artisans developed decorated pottery and terracotta figurines.
(iv) Subsistence:
Palaeolithic humans survived by hunting large animals and foraging wild roots;
Mesolithic communities depended on fishing and small game;
Neolithic people practiced systematic crop farming and animal domestication.
For more NCERT Solutions of Class 9 Social Science Chapter 4 Early Humans and Beginning of Civilisation Question Answer (2026-27)
https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-9/social-science/