NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science History Chapter 2
Social Science Class 10 History
Nationalism in India 2
Important Questions
Objective Type Questions
3/5 Mark Questions:
Questions No: 13
“Not all social groups were moved by the abstract concept of “Swaraj”. Support the statement in the light of of Civil Disobedience Movement in 1930s.
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Not all social groups were moved by the abstract concept of Swaraj.
• Many Schedule Castes and tribes came together under the umbrella of Depressed Class movement.
• Many leaders of these classes demanded their political representation through Reservation. • Many Muslim Leaders expressed their concern about the status of Muslim as a minority of India.
• They feared their culture and identity be submerged under the domination of majority.
(1) Problem of depressed classes: For long, the Congress had ignored the dalits or depressed classes for fear of offending the conservative high caste Hindus. Dr B.R. Ambedkar, who organised the dalits into the Depressed Class Association clashed with Gandhiji at the Second Round Table Conference by demanding separate electorates for dalits.
(i) Wedge between Hindu-Muslims: From the mid 1920’s the Congress came to be more visibly associated with openly Hindu religious nationalist groups like the Hindu Mahasabha. So a large section of Muslims started keeping away from it. Each community started blaming each other for the wedge leading to communal clashes.
(iii) Separate electorates and two nation theory: Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the leader of the Muslim League, demanded separate electorates for the Muslims as he feared that the culture and identity of minorities would be submerged under the domination of a Hindu majority.
iv) Muslim leaders: Many prominent Muslim leaders like Muhammad Iqbal supported separate electorates. They also proposed a two nation theory under which it was persumed that both communities belong to different nations.
Not all the social groups were moved by the abstract concept of Swaraj. One such group were the nation’s untouchables who from around 1930 have begun to call themselves as Dalits or the oppressed. The Congress had ignored the Dalits for the fear of offending the high caste conservative Hindus.