Arohanam → Aroha, Avarohanam → Avaroha, Gamakam → Gamak, Layam → Laya
Class 6 NCERT Arts Chapter 8 Taal or Talam and Raga or Ragam in Indian Music solutions
Class 6 Visual Arts Textbook chapter 8 Taal or Talam and Raga or Ragam in Indian Music question answer
Carnatic and Hindustani music share similar concepts but use different terminology:
• Arohanam (Carnatic) = Aroha (Hindustani) – Ascending notes of a raga.
• Avarohanam (Carnatic) = Avaroha (Hindustani) – Descending notes of a raga.
• Gamakam (Carnatic) = Gamak (Hindustani) – Ornamental note variations.
• Layam (Carnatic) = Laya (Hindustani) – The tempo or speed of a composition.