Insulin is produced by the pancreas. Specifically, it’s synthesized and secreted by beta cells located in clusters called islets of Langerhans within the pancreas. These beta cells respond to fluctuations in blood glucose levels by releasing insulin. When blood sugar rises, such as after a meal, insulin is released into the bloodstream. Insulin plays a crucial role in regulating glucose metabolism by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells, where it’s either used for energy or stored for future use. Additionally, insulin promotes the synthesis of glycogen, fat, and protein, while inhibiting the breakdown of these substances. This hormone is essential for maintaining normal blood sugar levels and ensuring that cells receive the energy they need to function properly. Dysfunction of insulin production or action can lead to metabolic disorders like diabetes mellitus, characterized by abnormal blood sugar regulation.