The Swaraj Party was founded on January 1, 1923, by Chittaranjan Das and Motilal Nehru. It was formed after the suspension of the Non-Cooperation Movement, as these leaders advocated for “Council Entry” to disrupt British administration from within the legislative councils. They differed from the “No-Changers” (like Rajendra Prasad), who wanted to focus solely on Gandhi’s constructive work. ANSWER: (B) 1923
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The Swaraj Party aimed to provide a political alternative when the mass movement was at a standstill. By winning seats in the Central and Provincial legislatures, the Swarajists intended to expose the hollow nature of British reforms and demand self-rule. They successfully used the assembly floor to block anti-people legislation and voice nationalist demands. Although the party eventually merged back into the mainstream Congress after the death of C.R. Das, its existence ensured that the spirit of resistance remained alive during the relatively quiet years of the mid-1920s.