When mercury is present in an alloy, such as in an amalgam, it disrupts the metallic bonding between atoms, resulting in lower electrical conductivity and melting point compared to the constituent metals. This is because mercury atoms act as “interstitial” atoms, causing irregularities in the metal lattice structure.
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The presence of mercury in an alloy, particularly in amalgams, affects its properties significantly. Mercury enhances ductility and malleability, lowers the alloy’s melting point, and can improve corrosion resistance. In dental applications, mercury-based amalgams are favored for their durability and adaptability. However, the toxicity of mercury necessitates careful handling and disposal procedures to mitigate environmental and health risks. Despite these concerns, the unique properties imparted by mercury make it valuable in various industrial and dental applications.