Sexual reproduction introduces greater genetic diversity due to the fusion of gametes from two different parents, resulting in offspring with unique combinations of genetic material. This diversity is further increased through processes like crossing over and independent assortment during meiosis, leading to distinct variations among individuals.
How does sexual reproduction contribute to the generation of distinct variations among individuals compared to asexual reproduction?
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Sexual reproduction contributes to the generation of distinct variations among individuals through the process of meiosis and genetic recombination. Meiosis produces gametes with half the genetic material, and during fertilization, two gametes with different genetic information combine, creating unique genetic combinations. Genetic recombination, through crossing over, further enhances diversity by exchanging genetic material between homologous chromosomes. In contrast, asexual reproduction involves the direct duplication of genetic material, resulting in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent. Sexual reproduction, with its mechanisms of meiosis and recombination, introduces greater genetic diversity, fostering adaptability and evolution among offspring.