Resistance affects the motion of electrons in a conductor by impeding their flow. As electrons move through a conductor, they collide with atoms and experience resistance, converting some of their kinetic energy into heat. This opposition to flow hinders the overall current in the circuit. The relationship between resistance (R), current (I), and voltage (V) is defined by Ohm’s law (V = IR). Higher resistance results in a lower current for a given voltage. Understanding and controlling resistance is essential in designing electronic circuits, as it influences the efficiency, heat dissipation, and overall performance of the system.