If a current larger than the specified value flows through the circuit, the temperature of the fuse wire increases. This rise in temperature causes the fuse wire to melt, breaking the circuit and preventing the flow of excessive current.
How does a fuse operate when an unduly high electric current flows through the circuit?
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When an unduly high electric current flows through a circuit, a fuse operates by melting to break the circuit and interrupt the current. The fuse is designed with a thin wire or element that has a specific current-carrying capacity. When the current exceeds this rated capacity, the wire heats up due to the Joule heating effect. Once the temperature reaches a critical point, the wire melts or blows, creating an open circuit. This intentional failure of the fuse disrupts the flow of current, preventing damage to connected devices or components and reducing the risk of fire or other hazards associated with excessive current flow.