The unexpected E⁰ values for Mn, Ni, and Zn are linked to their electronic configurations. The stability of half-filled d subshell (d⁵) in Mn²⁺ and completely filled d subshell (d¹⁰) in Zn is related to their E⁰ values, while for nickel, the E⁰ value is influenced by the highest negative enthalpy of hydration.
How do the unexpected E⁰ values for Mn, Ni, and Zn relate to their electronic configurations, and what factors influence their stabilities in terms of half-filled or completely filled d subshells?
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The unexpected E⁰ values for Mn, Ni, and Zn are related to their electronic configurations. For Mn, the stability of half-filled d subshell (d⁵) in Mn²⁺ contributes to its unexpected E⁰ value. In the case of Ni, the E⁰ value is influenced by the highest negative enthalpy of hydration due to the stability of Ni²⁺ with a d⁸ configuration. For Zn, the low E⁰ value is a result of its ionization causing the removal of one 4s electron, leading to the stable d¹⁰ configuration. These unexpected E⁰ values highlight the significance of stable electronic configurations in influencing the stabilities of Mn, Ni, and Zn in different oxidation states.