Aldehydes and ketones serve as solvents, starting materials, and reagents in the chemical industry. Examples include formaldehyde used in preserving biological specimens and making bakelite, acetaldehyde in the production of acetic acid and polymers, and benzaldehyde in perfumery and dye industries.
How are aldehydes and ketones utilized in the chemical industry, and provide examples of specific applications and products derived from them?
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Aldehydes and ketones play crucial roles in the chemical industry. Formaldehyde, an aldehyde, is used in the production of resins like urea-formaldehyde, vital in particleboard manufacturing. Acetone, a ketone, is a solvent in nail polish remover and a precursor in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and plastics. Benzaldehyde, an aromatic aldehyde, contributes to the fragrance and flavor industry. Ketones like acetophenone are utilized in pharmaceutical synthesis. Methanal (formaldehyde) is a starting material for various chemicals, including methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), used in polyurethane production. These examples highlight the diverse applications of aldehydes and ketones in manufacturing consumer and industrial products.