NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 12
Important NCERT Questions
8th Chapter 12 Friction
NCERT Books for Session 2022-2023
CBSE Board and State Board
Questions No: 8
Explain why the sliding friction is less than the static friction.
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When the objects are at rest, the interlocking of irregularities in the two surfaces of the objects is higher than that of when objects are moving. When objects are moving, there is less interaction between their surfaces. That’s why sliding friction is less than static friction.
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The difference between static and sliding friction arises from the interaction of surfaces during motion.
1. Surface Contact: Static friction involves interlocked irregularities between stationary surfaces, resulting in a larger contact area. When sliding initiates, the contact area decreases, reducing the resistance between surfaces.
2. Surface Behavior: Initially, static friction causes surface deformation, creating stronger interlocking. As sliding begins, continual deformation lessens, leading to a decrease in resistance.
3. Energy Transformation: Static friction accumulates potential energy in interlocked surfaces. During sliding, this energy transforms into kinetic energy, reducing the overall frictional force.
4. Heat and Wear: Static friction generates more heat and wear due to greater force and surface interlocking, whereas sliding friction results in relatively less heat and wear.
In summary, sliding friction is typically lower than static friction due to reduced contact area, decreased surface deformation, energy transformation, and lesser heat and wear production during motion.