Explain the relationship between sanitation and disease.

Sanitation profoundly affects disease transmission. Poor sanitation contaminates water sources with harmful pathogens, causing waterborne diseases like cholera. Unhygienic conditions attract disease-carrying insects, spreading infections like malaria. Inadequate hygiene due to the absence of clean water and sanitation facilities leads to the transmission of illnesses through contaminated hands. Improper waste disposal pollutes the environment, fostering disease spread. Improving sanitation by providing clean water, proper waste management, and promoting hygiene practices is crucial in preventing diseases and safeguarding public health.