Malfunctioning adrenal cortex, as seen in Addison’s disease, leads to hypoglycemia, weakness, and increased stress susceptibility. Treatment involves glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.
Explain the consequences of malfunctioning adrenal cortex, mentioning a specific disease.
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Malfunctioning adrenal cortex can lead to Addison’s disease, a disorder characterized by insufficient production of adrenal hormones. In Addison’s disease, both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids are deficient, causing symptoms like fatigue, weight loss, low blood pressure, and electrolyte imbalances. This autoimmune condition may result from adrenal gland damage, infections, or genetic factors. Insufficient cortisol levels affect stress response and metabolism, while reduced aldosterone contributes to electrolyte imbalance. Treatment involves hormone replacement therapy to manage symptoms and restore hormonal balance, highlighting the critical role of the adrenal cortex in regulating various physiological processes.