NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 1
Social Science Class 10 Geography
Resources and Development 1
Important NCERT Questions Based on new NCERT Books for Session 2022-2023
Questions No: 3 Part: 1
Explain land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much since 1960-61?
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1. Land Use in India: Dominated by agriculture, forests, urban areas, and wastelands, with agriculture being primary for food and economic support.
2. Limited Forest Growth: Since 1960-61, forest expansion is constrained due to population pressure requiring land for agriculture and urbanization.
3. Urban Expansion Impact: Rapid urban growth and industrial development encroach upon forests, shrinking their area.
4. Development Projects: Infrastructure projects like dams and roads demand forest land, hindering forest expansion.
5. Policy Focus: Some policies prioritize resource utilization over conservation, impacting forest cover negatively.
6. Conservation Efforts: Initiatives like afforestation and conservation laws aim to counter deforestation and promote forest growth.
7. Challenges Persist: Despite efforts, population growth and development needs continue to impede substantial forest expansion.
(a) The land under permanent pasture has decreased.
(b) The pattern of net sown area varies greatly from one state to another. It is over 80 percent of the total area in Punjab and Haryana and less than 10 per cent in Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur and Andaman and Nicobar Island.
(c) The land under forest has changed a little from 18.11% in1960-61 to 22.57% in 2002-03. It is still far lower than the desired 33 per cent of the geographical area as it was outlined in the National Forest Policy (1952). Land under forest has not increased due to various factors, namely, agricultural expansion, large-scale development projects or river valley projects, grazing and fuel collection.
About 45% of land is used as net sown area, i.e. for farming. About 22% of the land is under forest and the rest of the land is used for various purposes; like housing, recreation and industrial activities. Increasing population and subsequent increase in demand for resources is the main reason that forested land has not increased much during this period.
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