The division of different colors of light in a prism is called dispersion of light (D). When white light enters a prism, it refracts differently based on its wavelength due to the prism’s shape and refractive properties. Shorter wavelengths (blue and violet) bend more than longer wavelengths (red), causing them to separate and spread out into a spectrum of colors. This dispersion is a fundamental property of prisms and is key to understanding how light behaves in optical systems. Reflection of light (A) involves bouncing off a surface, while refraction (B) is the bending of light as it passes through different mediums. Diffraction (C) is the bending of waves around obstacles or through narrow openings, distinct from the controlled separation of light by prisms. Therefore, the correct term for the separation of colors by a prism is dispersion of light, highlighting its role in optical science and technology.