(i) Phylum- Phylum is the primary division of kingdom. It includes one or more related classes of animals. In plants, instead of phylum, the term ‘division’ is used.
(ii) Class- Class is a taxonomic group consisting of one or more related orders.
For example, the class, Mammalia, includes many orders.
(iii) Family- Family is a taxonomic group containing one or more related genera. In plants, families are categorized on the basis of vegetative and reproductive features.
(iv) Order- Order is a taxonomic group containing one or more families. For example, the order, carnivore, includes many families.
(v) Genus – Genus is a taxonomic group including closely related species.
For example, the genus, Solanum, includes many species such as nigrum, melongena, tuberosum, etc.

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