Santhal Tribe: Customs, Way of Life, and Changes in the Last 50 Years

Customs and Way of Life:
1. Cultural Richness: The Santhals have a vibrant culture with traditional music, dance, and folk songs narrating their history and daily life.

2. Livelihood Practices: Historically practiced shifting cultivation, hunting, and gathering. Many now engage in agriculture and other modern occupations.

3. Social Structure: Tight-knit community following their own social norms, language (Santali), and cultural practices within their villages.

Changes in the Last 50 Years:
1. Land Issues: Rapid urbanization and government policies led to land loss, disrupting traditional livelihoods.

2. Education and Employment: Increased focus on education with more seeking non-traditional jobs.

3. Cultural Shift: Globalization influencing traditional customs, posing challenges for younger generations.

4. Infrastructure Development: Improved amenities but uneven access, especially in remote areas.

5. Social Dynamics: Impact of external cultures on traditional social structures and customs.

These changes reflect the Santhal tribe’s adaptation to modernization while preserving their cultural heritage and identity amidst evolving socio-economic landscapes.