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Check that the ratio ke²/G mₑmₚ is dimensionless. Look up a Table of Physical Constants and determine the value of this ratio. What does the ratio signify?

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Class-12th Physics, CBSE and UP Board
Electric Charges and Fields,
Chapter-1, Exercise -1, Q-1.1
NCERT Solutions for Class 12th Physics

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  1. The given ratio is ke2 /G memp

    Where, G = Gravitational constant. Its unit is Nm2 kg-2

    me and mp = Masses of electron and proton and their unit is kg.

    e=Electric charge and its unit is C.

    k =1 /4πε0and its unit  Nm2C-2.

    Therefore, unit of the given ratio

    ke2/Gmemp= [Nm2C-2][ C-2]/[Nm2kg-2][ kg] [ kg]

    =M0L0T0

    Hence, the given ratio is dimensionless.

    e = 1.6 x 10-19 C

    G = 6.67 x 10-11 N m2 kg’2

    me= 9.1 x 10-31 kg

    mp = 1.66 x 10-27kg

    Hence, the numerical value of the given ratio is

    ke2 / G memp=      9 x 109 x (1.6 x 10-19)2/ 6.67×10-11 x 9.1×10-31x 1.67×10-27

    ≈2.3 x 1039

    This is the ratio of electric force to the gravitational force between a proton and an electron, keeping distance between them constant.

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