The BMD test is performed to identify [C] Osteoporosis. Bone Mineral Density (BMD) testing assesses the density and strength of bones, aiding in the diagnosis of osteoporosis, a condition characterized by low bone mass and increased fracture risk. It helps evaluate bone health and monitor response to treatment. Unlike Dengue [A] and Malaria [B], which are diagnosed through blood tests or other specific diagnostic methods, and AIDS [D], which requires HIV testing, the BMD test focuses specifically on bone density and is crucial for detecting osteoporosis, a common bone disorder particularly in older adults.