(i) Name of element ‘Z’: Aluminium (Al)

(ii) Method of extraction: Aluminium is extracted from bauxite (Al₂O₃·2H₂O) by electrolytic reduction because it is highly reactive and cannot be reduced by carbon. The purified alumina is dissolved in molten cryolite (Na₃AlF₆) to lower the melting point, and electricity is passed through the solution to deposit aluminium at the cathode.

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