NCERT for Important Questions Class 10 Social Science Chapter 4
Important NCERT Extra Questions
Chapter 4 The Age of Industrialisation
NCERT Book Extra Questions for Session 2022-2023
CBSE Board and UP Board Others state Board
Discuss four factors responsible for the decline of cotton textile industry in India in the 19th century
In 1772, Henry Patullo, a Company official, had said that the demand for Indian textiles could never reduce because no other nation produced goods of the same quality. Yet the textile exports declined from 33 per cent of Indian exports in 1811-12 to 3 per cent in 1850-51.
The reasons for this decline were as given below:
(l) Import duties on Indian textiles in Britain: After the development of cotton industries, the government imposed import duties on cotton textile to protect the interest of the industrialists who could sell their goods without any competition from outside.
(ii) Sale of British goods: East India Company started selling British goods in the Indian market.
(iii) Cheap and durable goods from Manchester: the British increased the exports of British goods. Indian weavers could not compete with cheap, durable and showy goods from Manchester. This led to the decline of taxtile exports from India in the later half of the nineteenth century.
(iv) Scarcity of good raw cotton: There was a great scarcity of good quality of raw cotton as these were exported to England. This affected the Indian textiles because weavers could not get supplies and sometimes, they were forced to buy at high prices.