After 1947, which of the following states was forcibly integrated into the Indian Union through military action?
Hyderabad was integrated into India through “Operation Polo” in September 1948. The Nizam of Hyderabad initially refused to join India, hoping for independence or an alliance with Pakistan. Due to internal unrest and the rise of the radical Razakars, the Indian government launched a five-day military operation, forcing the Nizam to surrender and sign the Instrument of Accession. ANSWER: (C) Hyderabad
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Following India’s independence, the Nizam of Hyderabad, Mir Osman Ali Khan, sought to maintain a sovereign state. This created a strategic vacuum in the heart of India, complicated by the violent activities of the Razakar militia against the local population. Fearing communal instability and a threat to national security, the Indian government, led by Sardar Patel, initiated military action on September 13, 1948. Within five days, the Nizam’s forces were defeated. Hyderabad’s forced integration ensured the territorial integrity of the Indian Union and ended centuries of Asaf Jahi dynastic rule.