A fisherman tries to kill a fish with a spear on the banks of a pond. Accordingly, how should he aim?

The fisherman should aim directly below where the fish is visible (option C). When viewing objects through water from above, refraction bends light as it enters and exits the water, making objects appear higher than their actual position. This phenomenon causes the fish to appear displaced from its true location. To compensate, the fisherman should aim slightly below where the fish appears to be. This adjustment accounts for the refraction and ensures that the spear’s trajectory aligns with the fish’s actual position underwater, increasing the likelihood of hitting the target. Aiming directly on the fish (option B) would result in the spear missing its mark due to the optical illusion created by refraction. Therefore, aiming directly below the visible position of the fish corrects for refraction effects and improves accuracy when spearing fish from the banks of a pond.