A bag contains 3 red balls and 5 black balls. A ball is drawn at random from the bag. What is the probability that the ball drawn is (i ) red ? (ii) not red?

(i) Total number of balls in the bag = 8
Probability of getting a red ball = (Number of favorable outcomes)/(Number of total possible outcomes) = 3/8
(ii) Probability of not getting red ball = 1
Probability of getting a red ball = 1 – 3/8 = 5/8