The direct provocation for Abdali’s 1759 invasion was the Maratha conquest of Punjab in 1758. Raghunath Rao’s forces had driven out Abdali’s son and viceroy, Timur Shah, from Lahore. Abdali viewed this as a personal insult and a direct threat ...
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Vishwas Rao, the young son and heir of Peshwa Balaji Bajirao and Sadashiv Rao Bhau, the Peshwa’s cousin and supreme commander, both perished on the battlefield of Panipat in 1761. Their deaths left the Maratha state leaderless at a critical ...
The Third Battle of Panipat (1761 AD) was fought between the forces of the Maratha Confederacy (under the nominal control of Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao) and the invading Afghan forces of Ahmad Shah Abdali. The Marathas suffered a crushing defeat, ...
The historian who was an eyewitness to the Third Battle of Panipat (1761) was Kashiraj Pandit. He was a high official in the service of Shuja-ud-Daulah (Nawab of Awadh) and provided one of the most comprehensive and critical firsthand accounts ...