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Virat

Lord Chelmsford was the Viceroy of India from 1916 to 1921. His administration was responsible for the enactment of the repressive Rowlatt Act and the subsequent implementation of martial law in Punjab, which culminated in the Jallianwala Bagh massacre on ...

Ayushree

Ram Prasad Bismil was the mastermind behind the Kakori Train Robbery on August 9, 1925. As a leader of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), he organized the heist near Lucknow to fund revolutionary activities. Bismil was an exceptional poet and ...

Ayushree

The Maratha revenue system was primarily designed to support a state in a state of “permanent war.” While the Mughals emphasized a detailed land-survey-based bureaucracy (Zabt system), the Marathas focused on “Chauth” and “Sardeshmukhi.” These were military levies collected from ...

Ayushree

This lament, expressing the difficulty of governing a fractious realm, is attributed to Muhammad bin Tughlaq, who faced recurrent rebellions, administrative challenges and the unintended consequences of ambitious reforms, leading him to comment on the impossible tradeoffs of ruling such ...

Ayushree

Bahlol Lodi founded the Lodi Dynasty in 1451 CE after taking control of Delhi. He was an Afghan noble who united various Afghan clans and expanded his influence across the Delhi Sultanate. His reign marked the beginning of the last ...