Imamuddin Raihan was Balban’s strongest rival in the Delhi Sultanate court during Nasiruddin Mahmud’s reign. Raihan, an influential non-Turkish noble, challenged the dominance of Balban and the Turkish nobles. His growing influence threatened Balban’s position, leading to intense political conflict. ...
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Zafar Khan was one of Alauddin Khalji’s most courageous generals, known for his aggressive tactics against Mongol invasions. He died heroically in the Battle of Kili (1299), where he attacked the Mongol forces without waiting for royal orders. His bravery ...
Firoz Tughlaq introduced welfare-oriented policies, including providing employment to the unemployed. He organised large public works—canals, gardens, buildings—and absorbed many jobless people into these projects. Through state-funded employment schemes, he aimed to reduce social distress and maintain stability. His approach ...
The correct order is Qutbuddin Aibak, followed by Aramshah, then Iltutmish and finally Razia Sultan. After Aibak’s sudden death, Aramshah briefly ruled but lacked support. Iltutmish removed him and consolidated the Sultanate. Razia later succeeded Iltutmish as his chosen heir, ...