The Hawaiian Islands are entirely volcanic and located over a hotspot. Unlike most volcanoes, these are not at plate boundaries. Instead, a stationary mantle plume provides a constant source of heat and magma. As the Pacific Plate moves slowly over ...
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Iceland is situated on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a classic divergent plate boundary. Here, the North American and Eurasian plates are pulling apart. As the plates separate, magma rises from the mantle to fill the gap, creating new oceanic crust through ...