The Sultan of Bijapur sent the massive general Afzal Khan in 1659 with the explicit mission to capture Shivaji, dead or alive. Khan’s vast army and reputation were intended to crush the rebellion. However, Shivaji famously preempted Khan at a ...
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Marathas first gained significant administrative and military experience by serving under the Deccan Sultanates, primarily Ahmednagar and Bijapur. Shivaji’s father, Shahaji Bhonsle, was a high-ranking official under Bijapur. This service provided the Maratha nobility with crucial knowledge of revenue administration, ...
Aurangzeb was the first Mughal ruler who extensively included Marathas and Afghans in the Mansabdari system on a large scale. While Akbar included Rajputs, Aurangzeb’s long Deccan campaigns necessitated granting Mansabs to numerous Deccan and Maratha nobles, leading to a ...
The Tomb of Humayun in Delhi, completed in 1570, is considered the first tomb in India to be built in the Charbagh style. This architectural innovation features a Persian-style garden divided into four quadrants by walkways and water channels, symbolizing ...
The Persian translation of the Mahabharata during Akbar’s reign was largely supervised by Faizi, the emperor’s Poet Laureate and the brother of Abul Fazl. This vast translation project, known as the ‘Razmnama’ (Book of Wars), was part of Akbar’s ambitious ...