The Sultan of Bijapur sent the massive general Afzal Khan in 1659 with the explicit mission to capture Shivaji, dead or alive. Khan’s vast army and reputation were intended to crush the rebellion. However, Shivaji famously preempted Khan at a ...
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The Tomb of Itmad-ud-Daulah in Agra is the first Mughal building constructed entirely of white marble and the first to extensively use the Pietra Dura technique for surface decoration. Built by Nur Jahan for her father (Itmad-ud-Daulah, who was Mirza ...
The ‘Bargigiri’ (guerrilla warfare) system was first and most effectively utilized by Malik Ambar, the Abyssinian Peshwa of the Ahmednagar Sultanate. He employed light Maratha cavalry to repeatedly defeat and frustrate the massive Mughal armies of Akbar and Jahangir. Shivaji ...
The Revolt of Mahabat Khan did not take place during Shah Jahan’s reign. This rebellion occurred in 1626 when Jahangir was still the emperor and Mahabat Khan temporarily took him captive. The other events—suppression of the Portuguese and the revolts ...
The Tomb of Humayun in Delhi, completed in 1570, is considered the first tomb in India to be built in the Charbagh style. This architectural innovation features a Persian-style garden divided into four quadrants by walkways and water channels, symbolizing ...