The Sultan of Bijapur sent the massive general Afzal Khan in 1659 with the explicit mission to capture Shivaji, dead or alive. Khan’s vast army and reputation were intended to crush the rebellion. However, Shivaji famously preempted Khan at a ...
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The Tomb of Humayun in Delhi, completed in 1570, is considered the first tomb in India to be built in the Charbagh style. This architectural innovation features a Persian-style garden divided into four quadrants by walkways and water channels, symbolizing ...
The Persian translation of the Mahabharata during Akbar’s reign was largely supervised by Faizi, the emperor’s Poet Laureate and the brother of Abul Fazl. This vast translation project, known as the ‘Razmnama’ (Book of Wars), was part of Akbar’s ambitious ...
The state in the Rajputana region that proved difficult to conquer was Marwar, ruled by Maldeo Rathore. After his hard-fought and strategically deceptive victory over the Rathores at the Battle of Sumel (1544), Sher Shah exclaimed, “Alas, I almost lost ...
In 1526 AD, Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi of the Lodi Dynasty in the First Battle of Panipat. This victory marked the end of the Delhi Sultanate’s Lodi rule and established the Mughal Empire in India. Babur’s superior artillery, cavalry and ...