Muhammad Shah ‘Rangila’ was the last Mughal emperor to sit on the Peacock Throne (Takht-e-Taus). The legendary throne, along with the Koh-i-Noor diamond, was looted by the Persian invader Nadir Shah during his sack of Delhi in 1739. Nadir Shah ...
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The historian who labeled Akbar’s ‘Din-i-Ilahi’ a religion was Abdul Qadir Badauni. As an orthodox Muslim theologian and chronicler, Badauni was severely critical of Akbar’s syncretic policies, viewing the Din-i-Ilahi not as a philosophy but as a heretical new religion ...
Emperor Jahangir wrote his autobiography, the ‘Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri’, in Persian. Unlike his grandfather Babur, who wrote the Baburnama in Chagatai Turkish, Jahangir used the language of the Mughal court. The Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri is a valuable primary source detailing the political, cultural and ...
The two major Deccan Sultanates conquered and annexed by Emperor Aurangzeb were Bijapur (1686) and Golconda (1687). These military campaigns in the South were the final acts of Mughal expansion, bringing the empire to its greatest geographical extent. However, the ...
Emperor Aurangzeb was popularly known as ‘Zinda Pir’ (the Living Saint). This title was given due to his austere lifestyle, strict personal piety, adherence to orthodox Islamic principles and simple dressing. He rejected the royal excesses of his predecessors, earning ...