Under Firoz Shah Tughlaq, the Iqta system became hereditary, allowing nobles and military officers to pass their revenue assignments to their heirs. This policy aimed to gain loyalty and administrative cooperation but weakened central authority. It increased noble autonomy, reduced ...
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Akbar’s guardian was Bairam Khan, a loyal general of Humayun. After Humayun’s death, Bairam Khan protected the young Akbar, handled administration and led the Mughal army. He secured early victories, particularly the Second Battle of Panipat, which ensured Akbar’s throne ...
Alauddin Khalji introduced strict military controls — including Daag (branding horses) and Huliya (soldier identifiers) — to prevent theft, verify service and maintain a dependable, accountable cavalry. These measures helped professionalise the army and reduce fraud and desertion. ANSWER: (B) ...
The Attarkin Gate, constructed by Sultan Iltutmish around 1230 AD, is located in the city of Nagaur, near Jodhpur, Rajasthan. This intricately carved gateway serves as the southern entrance to the Nagaur Fort (Ahichhatargarh Fort). This early Indo-Islamic architectural marvel is widely ...
Firoz Shah Tughlaq (1351–1388) improved fruit quality by establishing over 1,200 gardens around Delhi, focusing heavily on horticulture. This administrative effort, part of his public works, significantly increased the cultivation and quality of various fruits, such as his favorite, grapes, ...