Iltutmish organized the Turkan-e-Chihalgani (the “Group of Forty”), a council of forty powerful Turkish nobles and military leaders. This group effectively controlled political and military decision-making for a time, reflecting the influence of the Turkish soldiery in the early Sultanate ...
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The Diwan-i-Bandagan—a bureau dealing with royal slaves and household troops—was associated with the Tughlaq administration (notably Firoz Shah Tughlaq). Other pairs are mismatched: the Diwan-i-Arz (military department) is linked to earlier reforms, Diwan-i-Mustakhraj and Diwan-i-Kohi belong to different administrative contexts ...
The coins of the Sultanate era were: Tanka (primarily Silver), Shashgani (a fractional Silver coin valued at six Jitals) and Jeetal (Copper). This system was standardized by Iltutmish, establishing the Tanka as the principal currency and the Jeetal for daily, ...
Muhammad Ghori began his Indian campaigns in 1175 by attacking Multan, then ruled by the Carmathians. This early conquest helped him secure entry into the subcontinent and paved the way for later victories in Uch, Lahore and eventually the Rajput ...