Sher Shah (then Farid Khan) was appointed by his father, Hasan Khan Sur, as the manager (mutasaddi) of his jagir located at Sasaram (Sahasram) in Bihar. It was here that Farid gained valuable administrative experience in revenue collection and management, ...
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The statement, “The roads and caravanserais built by Sher Shah were the ‘arteries of the Afghan Empire’,” was made by the modern historian K. R. Qanungo. This quote reflects Qanungo’s high praise for Sher Shah’s infrastructure projects, recognizing their vital ...
Emperor Jahangir issued the ‘Twelve Ordinances’ (or Dastur-ul-Amal) immediately after his accession in 1605. These ordinances were a set of benevolent regulations aimed at ensuring justice and improving the welfare of his subjects. They covered diverse areas, including the abolition ...
Chand Bibi, a brave and skilled Muslim ruler, belonged to the state of Ahmednagar. She is remembered for defending Ahmednagar fort against Akbar’s Mughal forces. She later negotiated and handed over Berar to Akbar. Her leadership, courage and diplomatic skills ...
Under Firoz Shah Tughlaq, the Iqta system became hereditary, allowing nobles and military officers to pass their revenue assignments to their heirs. This policy aimed to gain loyalty and administrative cooperation but weakened central authority. It increased noble autonomy, reduced ...