Firoz Shah Tughlaq sponsored extensive construction of madrasas and promoted Islamic learning across his empire. He established educational centers in Delhi and provincial towns, supporting scholars, teachers and students through state funding. His emphasis on religious education strengthened orthodox Islam ...
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Tansen, one of India’s greatest musicians, lived in the court of Emperor Akbar. He was one of the Navratnas and is known for developing classical ragas. His music had deep influence on Hindustani classical traditions. Akbar deeply respected Tansen and ...
Babur introduced the Persian-style garden tradition with flowing water in India. Inspired by Timurid and Persian aesthetics, he built Charbagh gardens in Agra and other places. These gardens featured water channels, fountains, symmetry and greenery, symbolizing paradise. Babur’s love for ...
Balban created the Diwan-i-Ariz as a separate military department to ensure efficient control over the army. Its purpose was to suppress internal rebellions and strengthen defenses against Mongol invasions. By separating it from the finance department, Balban improved discipline, military ...
Tughril Khan, the governor of Bengal, rebelled against the Delhi Sultanate during Balban’s reign. He declared independence and challenged central authority. Balban personally led a harsh military campaign, crushed the rebellion and restored Delhi’s control over Bengal. His strict action ...