During Akbar’s reign, the Mahabharata was translated into Persian and titled Razmnama, meaning “Book of Wars.” Akbar encouraged this translation to promote cultural understanding between Hindus and Muslims. Scholars, including Faizi and other pandits, worked together on this project. The ...
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Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Sikh Guru, was a contemporary of Mughal emperor Jahangir. During Jahangir’s early reign, tensions rose because of Guru Arjan’s growing influence. He was eventually executed in 1606, an event that deeply affected Sikh–Mughal relations and ...
Firoz Shah Tughlaq established Diwan-i-Bandagan to manage state slaves, who served in administration, workshops and public works. He expanded the slave institution significantly, training them for skilled labor and ensuring their welfare. This department reflected his paternalistic governance style. ANSWER: ...
Alauddin Khalji introduced the military practices of Dagh (horse branding) and Chehra (descriptive rolls) to prevent corruption. However, Muhammad bin Tughlaq formally abolished both systems, believing strict controls were unnecessary. Their removal created widespread corruption in the army, as soldiers ...
Malik Kafur led Alauddin Khalji’s southern campaigns and sequentially defeated Devagiri, Warangal, Hoysala and Madurai. These victories expanded the Sultanate’s influence deep into South India. The campaign brought enormous wealth, including tribute, elephants, horses and precious jewels, strengthening Alauddin’s empire ...