The Rowlatt Act, officially the Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919, authorized the British government to detain political activists without trial for up to two years. Popularly called the “Black Law,” it aimed to suppress the rising tide of ...
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Subhas Chandra Bose delivered this famous quote during a legendary speech in Burma in 1944. Addressing the soldiers of the Indian National Army (INA), he called for total sacrifice to liberate India from British rule. The slogan aimed to inspire ...
The decentralized nature of the Maratha state, though a weakness in battle, was its greatest strength in terms of resilience. Because power was spread among various regional houses (Scindia, Holkar, etc.), the loss at Panipat did not destroy the entire ...
After Shivaji’s death, his son Shambhaji became the second Chhatrapati. Shambhaji elevated the North Indian Brahmin, Kavi Kalash, to the position of his chief advisor, effectively making him the second Peshwa (though the title was Kavi Kalash). Kavi Kalash held ...
Mahadaji Scindia was the instrumental force behind the Maratha resurrection in North India after the Panipat disaster. In 1771, he escorted the exiled Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II from British protection in Allahabad back to Delhi. By placing the Emperor ...