The permanent cavalry during the Maratha period was called Paga (or Bargir). The horses and equipment were provided by the state and the troopers received fixed pay. The temporary cavalry, who supplied their own horses and were paid less regularly, ...
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‘Sardeshmukhi’ constituted 10% of the revenue. Shivaji collected this levy based on his claim to be the hereditary Sardeshmukh (chief headman) of the Maratha territory. It was primarily a claim of paramountcy or sovereign right, distinguished from Chauth, which was ...
Akbar formally started the ‘Din-i-Ilahi’ (Divine Faith) in 1582. This was not a religion but a syncretic socio-religious order based on the principles discussed in the Ibadat Khana. It emphasized virtues like non-violence and purity, with membership restricted to a ...
Emperor Akbar established the new, centralized administrative post of ‘Diwan-e-Wizarat-e-Kul’. This office was the head of the entire revenue and finance administration, primarily held by Raja Todar Mal. The creation of this single, powerful post solidified financial control and ensured ...
The Battle of Chausa (1539) was the decisive battle after which Sher Khan assumed the title ‘Sher Shah Alam ul Adil’ (King Lion, Just King of the World). This victory was catastrophic for Humayun, establishing Sher Khan as a serious ...