The Simon Commission arrived in India in February 1928 to review the working of the Government of India Act 1919 and suggest further reforms. It was led by Sir John Simon but consisted entirely of British members. This “all-white” composition ...
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On August 15, 1947, while the rest of India celebrated independence, Mahatma Gandhi was in Kolkata (then Calcutta). He was on a mission to quell the horrific communal riots that had broken out following the announcement of partition. Instead of ...
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar did not support the Quit India Movement of 1942. At the time, he was serving as the Labour Member in the Viceroy’s Executive Council. He believed that the movement was “irresponsible” and “untimely,” especially during World War ...
While Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer was the field officer who physically ordered the troops to fire, Michael O’Dwyer was the Lieutenant Governor of Punjab who sanctioned the harsh repressive measures. O’Dwyer fully supported Dyer’s actions, calling them “correct” and “justified” to ...
The Royal Indian Navy (RIN) Mutiny of 1946 saw Indian sailors revolting against racial discrimination and poor conditions. Fearing that the rebellion would lead to widespread chaos and jeopardize the ongoing independence negotiations, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Muhammad Ali Jinnah ...