Mahatma Gandhi suspended the Non-Cooperation Movement in February 1922 following the Chauri Chaura incident in Uttar Pradesh. A peaceful procession turned violent when a mob set fire to a police station, killing 22 policemen. Committed to absolute non-violence, Gandhi believed ...
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Bajirao I revolutionized Maratha warfare by prioritizing speed and mobility over heavy equipment. His “light cavalry” could travel vast distances in short periods, allowing him to outmaneuver the slow-moving, artillery-heavy Mughal armies. This tactical advantage enabled him to strike deep ...
Mahadaji Scindia was the first major Maratha leader to realize that traditional guerrilla tactics were insufficient against modern European armies. He hired European mercenaries, most notably the Frenchman Benoit de Boigne, to raise and train elite “Compagnies d’Infanterie” equipped with ...
The Maratha revenue system was primarily designed to support a state in a state of “permanent war.” While the Mughals emphasized a detailed land-survey-based bureaucracy (Zabt system), the Marathas focused on “Chauth” and “Sardeshmukhi.” These were military levies collected from ...
The Deccan’s rugged landscape, filled with hills and narrow passes, was perfectly suited for the Maratha “Ganimi Kava” (guerrilla tactics). By avoiding open-field battles, the Marathas used the terrain to trap larger enemy forces. Their reliance on light cavalry ensured ...