Muhammad Ghori left his loyal general Qutbuddin Aibak to manage newly conquered Indian territories. Aibak strengthened Muslim rule in North India and acted as Ghori’s representative. After Ghori’s death, he declared independence and founded the Slave Dynasty, becoming the first ...
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Persian was the official court language of the Delhi Sultanate. It was used for administration, literature, royal correspondence, and maintaining state records. Persian cultural influence shaped the art, architecture, and writing traditions of the period. Over time, Persian blended with ...
Mahmud Ghaznavi held the titles “Yamin ud Daula,” meaning the right hand of the empire, and “Amin ul Millat,” meaning the protector of Muslims. These titles were granted by the Abbasid Caliph, giving Mahmud religious legitimacy and political prestige. They ...
Alauddin Khilji was the first Sultan of Delhi to launch systematic campaigns into South India. His general Malik Kafur led expeditions against the Yadavas, Hoysalas, Kakatiyas and Pandyas. These campaigns brought immense wealth to the Delhi Sultanate and extended Alauddin’s ...
Razia Sultan was the first and only Muslim woman ruler of Delhi. Chosen by her father Iltutmish because of her intelligence and leadership qualities, she ruled from 1236 to 1240 AD. Razia tried to establish a strong administration, but opposition ...