In human beings, the sex of an individual is predominantly genetically determined. The genes inherited from parents play a key role in deciding whether the individual will be male or female.

In certain reptiles, such as some turtles, the temperature at which fertilized eggs are kept determines the sex of the developing animals. This environmental cue influences whether the offspring will be male or female.

Various species employ different strategies for sex determination. While some rely on environmental cues, like temperature in certain reptiles, others, such as snails, can change sex, suggesting a non-genetic influence on their sexual characteristics.

Mendel’s experiments, which observed the independent segregation and assortment of traits, align with this mechanism of inheritance. The presence of two copies of each chromosome in germ cells, with one from each parent, allows for the inheritance of traits independently ...