The process is called threshing. It is carried out using a machine called a ‘combine,’ which functions as both a harvester and a thresher. NCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management
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Harvesting is done manually by sickle or by a machine called a harvester. The sickle is commonly used for manual harvesting. NCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management
During fertilization, two germ cells combine, and each contributes one chromosome from each pair. This process restores the diploid number of chromosomes in the progeny, ensuring the stability of the species’ DNA and maintaining genetic integrity.
Having two copies of each chromosome in germ cells ensures genetic diversity and allows for independent assortment during meiosis. It also enables the restoration of the normal number of chromosomes in the progeny when germ cells combine during fertilization.
The cutting of a mature crop is called harvesting. A cereal crop usually takes 3 to 4 months to mature. NCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management